Punctuation Marks: REVISION

Punctuation Marks

Read the article below and then answer the questions. The article has been adapted from the Cape Argus.

From A to B and back, 100 different ways

July 18 2009

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

London - An 82-year-old Briton was celebrating on Friday after completing his bid to travel on 100 different types of transport within a year. Edwin Shackleton, a retired aircraft engineer from Bristol in south-west England, started off his odyssey with a ride in his car on New Year's Day. Seven months on, the bowel cancer survivor travelled by his 100th mode of transport by taking a ride in a hot air balloon. On his way to the 100 mark, Shackleton travelled in a sledge, a fire engine, a rubbish truck, a rickshaw, a police car, a chairlift, a quad bike and a microlight plane. Now the widowed pensioner has decided to carry on and try to take 240 different modes of transport, which he hopes will score him a Guinness World Record. Indeed, after disembarking from the hot air balloon, Shackleton was off for a ride in a catamaran. "Everything I've been on has been a fascinating experience," he told the Western Daily Press newspaper in southwest England. "Even the sand yacht that was so close to the ground that I thought I was going to scrape my bottom, and the catamaran on which quite a lot of people were sick and the smell was horrible." Shackleton has already made a Guinness World Record, for flying the biggest variety of aircraft as a passenger. On his bid for another record, he is scheduled to ride in a three-wheel car, a brewer's dray and a privately-owned Russian T-55 tank. Shackleton said he also wanted to travel on a Cessna 208 Caravan bush plane used in Scotland, plus a transporter bridge and a steam-propelled bus in northeast England. He said: "I was surprised by the wide variety of transport I found when I started to look into it." – AFP

Questions

1.         Explain the use of each of the following punctuation marks

1.1       hyphens (para. 1)

1.2       commas (para. 2)

1.3       capital B (para. 2)

1.4       apostrophe (para. 2)

1.5       comma (para. 3)

1.6       full stop (para. 3)

1.7       comma after mark (para. 4)

1.8       the rest of the commas (para. 4)

1.9       capital letters in Guiness World Record (para. 5)

1.10     first comma (para. 6)

1.11     second comma (para. 6)

1.12     apostrophe (para 8)

1.13     capital in Russian (para. 8)

1.14     capital in Scotland (para. 8)

1.15     comma after Scotland (para. 8)                                                             (15)                 

2.         Write the following in indirect speech:

"Everything I've been on has been a fascinating experience," he told the Western Daily Press newspaper in southwest England. He said: "I was surprised by the wide variety of transport I found when I started to look into it."                                                                                                                                                                                                            (5)